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Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Explained

So what is Spanning Tree Protocol? Spanning Tree Protocol, usually shortened to STP, is the system that keeps the network of switches inside a building from forming loops. A loop is simply more than one path between the same two points, and on a local network a loop is surprisingly dangerous. It was invented by … Read more

So what is BGP? Border Gateway Protocol Explained (2026)

So what is BGP? BGP stands for Border Gateway Protocol. In plain terms, it’s the standardised system the internet uses to exchange routing and reachability information between large networks. That’s the textbook definition, and it really is the heart of it, so let’s unpack it. The internet isn’t a single network. It’s tens of thousands of separate … Read more

DNS Explained: the internet’s address book, and the day it failed

dns-explained

The internet’s address book Computers do not find each other by name. They find each other by number, an IP address, a string like 172.217.16.196 that means nothing to a person and everything to a machine. DNS is the system that translates between the two, turning the orbit-computer-solutions.com you type into the numbered address your … Read more